前面为大家介绍过WCF的特点，现在再讲解一下。
在WCF里，各个Application之间的通信是由EndPoint来实现的，EndPoint是WCF实现通信的核心要素。一个WCF Service可由多个EndPoint集合组成，每个EndPoint只能有一种绑定，就是说EndPoint就是通信的入口，客户端和服务端通过 EndPoint交换信息。
< service name = " " > < endpoint address = "" binding = " wsHttpBinding " contract = " myNamespace.IService " > </ endpoint > </ service >
Endpoint由三部分组成：(A) Address 地址，(B)Binding 绑定，(C)Contract 契约。
- A（Address）: 通过一个URI唯一地标识一个Endpoint，并告诉WCF service的调用者如何找到这个Endpoint。
- B（Binding）： 定义了与数据传输相关的传输协议，消息编码，通信模式，可靠性，安全性，事务，互操作性等信息。Framewrok3.5里已经包括以下几种绑定：
- C（Contract）：它是有关服务响应的操作及进出消息的格式的语法描述，系统就是通过Contract实现操作的。
下面为大家讲解一下Hello World的开发例子。
服务器端：
using System; using System.ServiceModel; namespace myNamespace { // 在服务器端定义在一个服务契约 [ServiceContract(Namespace = " myNamespace " )] public interface IService { [OperationContract] String HelloWorld(); } // 实现契约 public class MyService:IService { public String HelloWorld( string name) { return " Hello World " + Name; } }}
最后，服务既可以在代码中实现，也可以在配置文件中实现：
< services > < service behaviorConfiguration ="ServiceBehavior" name ="Service" > //行为可以影响运行是操作的WCF类，它不公在客户端和服务器启动WCF运行时被执行，还可以在二者之间流动消息时被执行。 < endpoint address ="" binding ="wsHttpBinding" contract ="IService" > < identity > < dns value ="localhost" /> </ identity > </ endpoint > < endpoint address ="mex" binding ="mexHttpBinding" contract ="IMetadataExchange" /> //mexHttpBinding定义了WCF的元数据。当没有定义元数据时，服务依然能够执行，但不能在HTTP中被发现。 </ service > </ services > < behaviors > < serviceBehaviors > < behavior 上海企业网站制作pan>name="ServiceBehavior"><serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /><serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" /></behavior></serviceBehaviors></behaviors>
客户端:
通过Add Service Reference引用服务地址：
添加配置文件：
< system.serviceModel > < bindings >
上海闵行企业网站设计与制作 /> < basicHttpBinding > < binding name ="wsHttpBinding_IService" closeTimeout ="00:01:00" openTimeout ="00:01:00" receiveTimeout ="00:10:00" sendTimeout ="00:01:00" allowCookies ="false" bypassProxyOnLocal ="false" hostNameComparisonMode ="StrongWildcard" maxBufferSize ="65536" maxBufferPoolSize ="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize ="65536" messageEncoding ="Text" textEncoding ="utf-8" transferMode ="Buffered" useDefaultWebProxy ="true" > < readerQuotas maxDepth ="32" maxStringContentLength ="8192" maxArrayLength ="16384" maxBytesPerRead ="4096" maxNameTableCharCount ="16384" /> < security mode ="None" > < transport clientCredentialType ="None" proxyCredentialType ="None" realm ="" /> < message clientCredentialType ="UserName" algorithmSuite ="Default" /> </ security > </ binding > </ basicHttpBinding > </ bindings > < client > < endpoint address ="http://localhost/myNamespace.IService.svc" binding ="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration ="wsHttpBinding_IService" contract ="myNamespace.IService" name ="wsHttpBinding_IService" /> </ client > </ system.serviceModel >
上海闵行企业网站设计与制作 /> < basicHttpBinding > < binding name ="wsHttpBinding_IService" closeTimeout ="00:01:00" openTimeout ="00:01:00" receiveTimeout ="00:10:00" sendTimeout ="00:01:00" allowCookies ="false" bypassProxyOnLocal ="false" hostNameComparisonMode ="StrongWildcard" maxBufferSize ="65536" maxBufferPoolSize ="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize ="65536" messageEncoding ="Text" textEncoding ="utf-8" transferMode ="Buffered" useDefaultWebProxy ="true" > < readerQuotas maxDepth ="32" maxStringContentLength ="8192" maxArrayLength ="16384" maxBytesPerRead ="4096" maxNameTableCharCount ="16384" /> < security mode ="None" > < transport clientCredentialType ="None" proxyCredentialType ="None" realm ="" /> < message clientCredentialType ="UserName" algorithmSuite ="Default" /> </ security > </ binding > </ basicHttpBinding > </ bindings > < client > < endpoint address ="http://localhost/myNamespace.IService.svc" binding ="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration ="wsHttpBinding_IService" contract ="myNamespace.IService" name ="wsHttpBinding_IService" /> </ client > </ system.serviceModel >
最后通过代理直接调用：
static void Main( string [] args){ ServiceClient client = new ServiceClient(); string data = client.HelloWorld( " Leslie " ); Console.Writeline(data); Console.Read();}
朋友，恭喜你，一个最简单Hello World的WCF已经实现。
然而，如果你要开发一个SOA系统，你不可能将每一个类都编写成一个*.svc文件，那应该怎么做才能真正实现SOA?
下一章将为你详细介绍如何使用WCF实现真正的SOA。